Testing with Selenium

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This documentation outlines the process for testing a webforJ apps using Selenium, specifically focusing on the HelloWorldView from the webforj-archetype-hello-world.

App Basics

To learn more about the webforj-archetype-hello-world, refer to the App Basics Introduction section.

Prerequisites

Before running the Selenium tests, ensure the following:

• webforJ app is correctly set up and running on your local server.
• You have installed:
  • Selenium Java bindings.
  • A compatible WebDriver for your browser.
  • Maven for project dependencies.

Maven configuration

Add the necessary dependencies in your pom.xml for Selenium and other testing libraries:

pom.xml

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
    <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
    <version>4.27.0</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.bonigarcia</groupId>
    <artifactId>webdrivermanager</artifactId>
    <version>5.9.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

Testing example: HelloWorldView

The following code demonstrates a Selenium based test for the HelloWorldView component.

HelloWorldViewTest.java

package com.example.views;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

import static java.time.Duration.ofSeconds;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.titleIs;
import io.github.bonigarcia.wdm.WebDriverManager;

class HelloWorldViewTest {

  private WebDriver driver;
  private static final String PORT = System.getProperty("server.port", "8080");

  @BeforeAll
  static void setupAll() {
    WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
  }

  @BeforeEach
  void setup() {
    driver = new ChromeDriver();
    driver.get("http://localhost:" + PORT + "/");
    new WebDriverWait(driver, ofSeconds(30))
            .until(titleIs("webforJ Hello World"));
  }

  @AfterEach
  void teardown() {
    if (driver != null) {
        driver.quit();
    }
  }

  @Test
  void shouldClickButton() {
    WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.tagName("dwc-button"));
    assertEquals("Say Hello", button.getText(), "Button text mismatch!");
  }
}

Key steps

1. Initialize WebDriver:

   • Use WebDriverManager to automatically manage the driver executable for the browser.

2. Set Up Test Environment:

   • Start the test server on http://localhost:<port>/.
   • Wait until the page title matches the expected webforJ Hello World.

3. Interact with Elements:

   • Locate elements using By.tagName, By.id, or other Selenium locators.
   • Verify expected behaviors like button clicks or text changes.

info

Because webforJ produces a single-page web app, Selenium isn’t aware of DOM manipulation after the initial page has been loaded. You can use Selenium’s WebDriverWait API to wait until the DOM has been compiled.

4. Teardown:
   • Quit the WebDriver session to release resources.

Running tests

1. Start the webforJ server:

   mvn jetty:run

2. Execute the test cases:

   mvn test

Expected behavior

• On visiting http://localhost:<port>/, the HelloWorldView page loads.
• The dwc-button element with the text Say Hello should be present.